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Ten years of NAD-dependent SIR2 family deacetylases: implications for metabolic …
Since the discovery of NAD-dependent deacetylase activity of the silent information regulator-2 (SIR2) family ('sirtuins'), many exciting connections between protein deacetylation and energy metabolism have been revealed. The importance of sirtuins in the regulation of many fundamental biological responses to various nutritional and environmental stimuli has been firmly established. Sirtuins have …
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Synaptic utilization of lactate/pyruvate and neural function in the aging.
Neuronal cells usually utilize glucose as a principal metabolic fuel and monocarboxylates including lactate and pyruvate are alternative energetic substrates in the central nervous system.
In the present study, we investigated the synaptic utilization of lactate/pyruvate in the hippocampal slices from adult and aged guinea pig brains. Synaptic activity was estimated in terms of the a… |
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Stimulus-induced brain lactate: effects of aging and prolonged wakefulness.
Both aging and sleep deprivation disturb the functions of the frontal lobes. Deficits in brain energy metabolism have been reported in these conditions.
Neurons use not only glucose but also lactate as their energy substrate. The physiological response to elevated neuronal activity is a transient increase in lactate concentrations in the stimulated area. We have previou… |
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Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a metabolic regulator of transcription, longe…
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is a ubiquitous biological molecule that participates in many metabolic reactions.
Recent studies show that NAD also plays important roles in transcriptional regulation, longevity, calorie-restriction-mediated life-span extension and age-associated diseases. It has been shown that NAD affects longevity and transcriptional silencing through the … |
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MR spectroscopy detection of lactate and lipid signals in the brains of healthy …
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to assess the presence of brain lactate and lipid signals, frequently associated with the presence of pathology, in healthy persons of 60-90 years old (n = 540).
Lactate and lipid signals were observed in, respectively, 25 and 6% of women, and 18 and 2% of men. Upon adjustment for age, and for MRI-detected cerebral atrophy and white matter les… |
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Manipulation of a Nuclear NAD+ Salvage Pathway Delays Aging without Altering Ste…
Yeast deprived of nutrients exhibit a marked life span extension that requires the activity of the NAD+-dependent histone deacetylase, Sir2p.
Here we show that increased dosage of NPT1, encoding a nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase critical for the NAD+ salvage pathway, increases Sir2-dependent silencing, stabilizes the rDNA locus, and extends yeast replicative life span by up to 6… |
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Elevation of cerebrospinal fluid lactate with aging in subjects with normal bloo…
It has been hypothesized that cerebral oxidative glucose metabolism may become impaired with age and lead to deterioration of neuronal function. One marker of impaired cerebral oxidative glucose metabolism is increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lactate.
Prior studies have found an increase in CSF lactate in aged normals, but these studies have not controlled for the possibility that … |
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Changes in NAD levels in human lymphocytes and fibroblasts during aging and in p…
NAD levels markedly increase upon mitogen stimulation of lymphocytes from young subjects. In contrast, lymphocytes from old subjects do not increase NAD levels upon stimulation.
A survey of 35 individuals aged 18-79 years revealed a significant age-dependent decrease in the NAD response to mitogen stimulation. No significant differences were noted in lymphocytes from ag… |
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Age-related changes in cerebral lactate metabolism in sleep-disordered breathing…
Thirty-one patients, aged 22-71 years, with nocturnal apneic episodes and/or habitual snoring were studied with magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and diagnostic polysomnography separately to determine whether accumulation of lactate caused by cerebral hypoxia during sleep is associated with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), aging and co-morbidities related to SDB.
Eight proton ma… |
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Anti-Aging Medicine: Molecular Basis for Endothelial Cell-Targeted Strategies - …
Due to improvements in lifestyle and healthcare, the proportion of aged people is rising steadily, especially in developed countries.
With aging, some physiological functions are altered and resemble those occurring in disease conditions such as hypertension, chronic coronary disease and diabetes. Thus, there is the urge to better understand molecular and cellular mechanisms underlyi… |
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Biochemical markers of aging.
It is the purpose of this report to identify possible metabolic deficiencies that might serve as biochemical markers of aging. It is proposed that the multiplicity of physical and physiological changes associated with aging could be most readily explained by alterations in the regulation and/or the activities of enzymes that occupy central positions in metabolism.
Specifically, a sea… |
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